The Dukovany nuclear power plant saves over 10 million tonnes of CO2 per year. Alongside Temelín, it is one of the largest emission-free sources in the Czech Republic. Since 2001, it has held an environmental management system certificate (international EMS certificate) which also includes air protection. The certificate is valid for three years at a time and has to be regularly defended. Most recently, auditors extended the certificate in 2022.

Because no burning takes place in the generation of power at nuclear power plants, they do not generate CO2 emissions or other greenhouse gases. That is why many international institutions (including the International Energy Agency (IEA), the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the US technical university MIT, etc.) consider them to be of major assistance in fighting climate change.